REG-Zhaikmunai LP Interim Results - Part 3

Released: 01/09/2009

  
  
Part 3 : For preceding part double-click [nRn2A2713Y]  
                                                 capital        earnings                                   
                                                                                                           
  As of December 31, 2006                        -              26,488      1,704                 28,192   
  Translation difference                         -              -           2,297                 2,297    
  Net income                                     -              36,330      -                     36,330   
  As of December 31, 2007                        -              62,818      4,001                 66,819   
  Translation difference                         -              -           (702)                 (702)    
  Issue of Global Depositary Receipts (Note 8)   100,000        -           -                     100,000  
  Transaction costs (Note 8)                     (7,928)        -           -                     (7,928)  
  Net income                                     -              63,478      -                     63,478   
  As of December 31, 2008                        92,072         126,296     3,299                 221,667  
  
  
 
  The accounting policies and explanatory notes on pages 5  
  through 29 are an integral part of these consolidated     
  financial statements.                                     
  
  
 
  Chief Executive Officer of the General Partner of Zhaikmunai                      
  LP                                                                                
                                                                    Kai-Uwe Kessel  
                                                                                    
                                                                                    
  Chief Financial Officer of the General Partner of Zhaikmunai                      
  LP                                                                                
                                                                    Jan-Ru Muller   
  
  
nOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS   
  
For the year ended December 31, 2008  
  
1.    General  
  
Zhaikmunai LP is a Limited Partnership formed on 29 August 2007 pursuant to the 
Partnership Act 1909 of the Isle of Man. The Partnership is registered in the 
Isle of Man with registered number 295P.  
  
These consolidated financial statements include the results of the operations of 
Zhaikmunai L.P. ("Zhaikmunai LP") and its wholly owned subsidiaries Frans Van 
Der Schoot B.V. ("FVDS"), Claydon Industrial Limited (BVI) ("Claydon"), Jubilata 
Investments Limited (BVI) ("Jubilata"), Zhaikmunai LLP ("the Partnership") and 
Condensate Holdings LLP ("Condensate"). Zhaikmunai LP and its subsidiaries are 
hereinafter referred to as "the Group". The Group's operations are primarily 
conducted through its oil and gas producing entity Zhaikmunai LLP located in 
Kazakhstan. The Group is ultimately indirectly controlled through Thyler 
Holdings Limited, by Frank Monstrey. The General Partner of the Zhaikmunai LP is 
Zhaikmunai Group Limited, which is responsible for the management of the Group.  
  
The Partnership was established in 1997 for the purpose of exploration and 
development of the Chinarevskoye oil and gas condensate field in the Western 
Kazakhstan Region. The Partnership carries out its activities in accordance with 
the Contract for Additional Exploration, Production and Production-Sharing of 
Crude Hydrocarbons in the Chinarevskoye oil and gas condensate field (the 
"Contract") dated October 31, 1997 in accordance with the license MG No. 253D 
(the "License") for the exploration and production of hydrocarbons in 
Chinarevskoye oil and gas condensate field between the State Committee of 
Investments of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Partnership.   
  
On March 28, 2008 Zhaikmunai LP listed 10,000,000 Global Depository Receipts 
('GDRs') at US$10 per GDR, representing 9.09% of the participating rights of the 
Group, on the London Stock Exchange ('LSE').  
  
The Group was formed through a reorganization of entities under common control 
on March 28, 2008 to enable the listing of GDRs on the LSE. These consolidated 
financial statements have been prepared using the pooling of interest method 
and, as such, the financial statements have been presented as if the transfers 
of the Group interests in Frans Van Der Schoot B.V., Claydon, Jubilata, 
Zhaikmunai LLP and Condensate had occurred from the beginning of the earliest 
period presented.  
  
The registered address of the Zhaikmunai L.P. is: Anglo International House, 
Lord Street, Douglas, IM1 4LN.  
  
These consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue by Kai-Uwe 
Kessel, Chief Executive Officer of the General Partner of Zhaikmunai LP and by 
Jan-Ru Muller, Chief Financial Officer of the General Partner of Zhaikmunai LP 
on April 30, 2009.  
  
Licence terms  
  
The term of the license of the Partnership originally included a 5 year 
exploration period and a 25 year production period. The exploration period was 
initially extended for additional 4 years and then for further 2 years according 
to the supplements to the Contract dated January 12, 2004 and June 23, 2005, 
respectively. In accordance with the supplement dated June 5, 2008, Tournaisian 
North reservoir entered into production period as at January 1, 2007. Following 
additional commercial discoveries during 2008, the exploration period under the 
license, other than for the Tournasian horizons, was extended for an additional 
3 year period with a new expiry on May 26, 2011.  
  
The extensions to the exploration periods have not changed the license term, 
which will expire in 2031.  
  
Royalty Payments  
  
The Partnership is required to make monthly royalty payments throughout the 
entire Production Period, at the rates specified in the Contract.  
  
Royalty rates depend on crude oil recovery levels and the phase of production 
and can vary from 2% to 6% and 2% to 7% of produced petroleum and natural gas, 
respectively.  
  
Government "profit share"  
  
The Partnership makes payments to the Government of its "profit share'' as 
determined in the Contract. The "profit share" depends on crude oil production 
levels and varies from 10% to 40% of production after deducting royalties and 
reimbursable expenditures. Reimbursable expenditures include operating expenses, 
costs of additional exploration and development costs. Government profit share 
is expensed as incurred.  
  
2.    BASIS OF PREPARATION  
  
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"). The financial statements 
have been prepared under the historical cost convention except for financial 
instruments.  
  
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS 
requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires 
management to exercise its judgment in the process of applying the Group's 
accounting policies. The areas involving a higher degree of judgment or 
complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the 
consolidated financial statements are disclosed in Note 3.  
  
Going Concern  
  
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis that the 
Group is a going concern, which assumes continuity of normal business activities 
and realization of assets and settlement of liabilities in the ordinary course 
of business.  
  
As at December 31, 2008, with respect to the senior secured facility ('Facility 
Agreement') (Note 9), the Partnership was in breach of the covenants related to 
its EBITDA to interest expense and EBITDA to total indebtedness ratios. As at 
the date of approval of these consolidated financial statements, BNP Paribas has 
not waived their right to demand immediate repayment of the loans under the 
Facility Agreement, which as at December 31, 2008 amounted to US$ 382 million. 
The Company would not have sufficient funds to repay the loan in the event the 
lenders exercise this right, which raises uncertainty as to whether the company 
can continue as a going concern  
  
Management believes the going concern basis of preparation to be appropriate as 
the Group is currently in advanced discussions with possible finance providers 
to secure US$ 300 million of financing and in connection therewith is also 
negotiating with BNP Paribas for a restructuring of the existing Facility 
Agreement such that the Group would no longer be in breach of covenants in the 
Facility Agreement.   
  
Under these scenarios, cashflow forecasts prepared by the Group indicate the 
Group will be able to pay its debts as and when they fall due.  
  
Adopted accounting standards and interpretations  
  
The Group has adopted the following new and amended IFRS and International 
Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee ("IFRIC") interpretations during 
the year. Adoption of these revised standards and interpretations did not have 
any effect on the financial performance or position of the Group.  
  
  IAS 23                Borrowing costs - amendment  
  
  IFRIC 11 / IFRS 2   Partnership and Treasury Share Transactions  
  
  IFRIC 12             Service Concession Arrangements  
  
  IFRIC 14 / IAS 19      The Limit on a Defined Benefit Asset, Minimum Funding 
Requirements and their Interaction  
  
IAS 23 Amended - Borrowing costs  
  
This standard has been revised to require capitalization of borrowing costs when 
such costs relate to a qualifying asset. A qualifying asset is an asset that 
necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use 
or sale. This standard was early adopted by the Group and has no effect on the 
financial position or performance of the Group.  
  
IFRIC 11 / IFRS 2 - Partnership and Treasury Share Transactions  
  
This interpretation requires arrangements whereby an employee is granted rights 
to an entity's equity instruments to be accounted for as an equity-settled 
scheme, even if the entity buys the instruments from another party, or the 
shareholders provide the equity instruments needed. The amendment of its 
accounting policy had no impact on the financial position or performance of the 
Partnership.  
  
IFRIC 12 Service Concession Arrangements  
  
The IFRIC issued IFRIC 12 in November 2006. This interpretation applies to 
service concession operators and explains how to account for the obligations 
taken and rights received in service concession arrangements. The Group has no 
such concessions, therefore this interpretation has no impact on the Group.  
  
IFRIC 14 / IAS 19 - The Limit on a Defined Benefit Asset, Minimum Funding 
Requirements and their Interaction  
  
IFRIC Interpretation 14 provides guidance on how to assess the limit on the 
amount of surplus in a defined benefit scheme that can be recognized as an asset 
under IAS 19 Employee Benefits. The Group does not have defined benefit schemes, 
therefore the adoption of this interpretation had no impact on the financial 
position or performance of the Group.  
  
New accounting developments  
  
The following IFRS and IFRIC interpretations are not yet in effect as at 
December 31, 2008:  
  
  IFRS 1     First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards 
- amendment  
  
  IFRS 2     Share-based Payment - Vesting Conditions and Cancellations - 
amendment  
  
  IFRS 7     Financial Instruments: Disclosures - amendment "Improving 
Disclosures about Financial Instruments"  
  
  IFRS 3R   Business Combinations  
  
  IFRS 8      Operating Segments  
  
  IAS 1        Presentation of Financial Statements - amendment  
  
  IAS 27R    Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements  
  
  IAS 32       Financial Instruments: Presentation and IAS 1 Presentation of 
Financial Statements - 
      Puttable     Financial Instruments and Obligations Arising on Liquidation 
- amendments  
  
  IAS 39       Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement - Eligible 
Hedged Items - amendment  
  
  IFRIC 13    Customer Loyalty Programs  
  
  IFRIC 15    Agreements for the Construction of Real Estate  
  
  IFRIC 16    Hedges of a Net Investment in a Foreign Operation  
  
  IFRIC 17    Distributions of Non-Cash Assets to Owners  
  
  IFRIC 18    Transfer of Assets from Customers  
  
Amendments to IFRS 1 First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting 
Standards and IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements  
  
The amendments to IFRS 1 allows an entity to determine the 'cost' of investments 
in subsidiaries, jointly controlled entities or associates in its opening IFRS 
financial statements in accordance with IAS 27 or using a deemed cost. The 
amendment to IAS 27 requires all dividends from a subsidiary, jointly controlled 
entity or associate to be recognised in the income statement in the separate 
financial statement. Both revisions will be effective for financial years 
beginning on or after 1 January 2009. The revision to IAS 27 will have to be 
applied prospectively. The new requirements affect only the parent's separate 
financial statement and do not have an impact on the consolidated financial 
statements.  
  
IFRS 2 Share-based Payment - Vesting Conditions and Cancellations  
  
Amendments to IFRS 2 - Vesting Conditions and Cancellations was issued in 
January 2008 and become effective for annual period on or after 1 January 2009. 
The amendment clarifies that vesting conditions are service conditions and 
performance conditions only. It also specifies that all cancellations, whether 
by the entity or by other parties, should receive the same accounting treatment. 
These amendments will have no impact on the financial position or performance of 
the Group as the Group has not made any share based payments during 2008.  
  
IFRS 3R Business Combinations and IAS 27R Consolidated and Separate Financial 
Statements  
  
The revised standards were issued in January 2008 and become effective for 
financial years beginning on or after 1 July 2009. IFRS 3R introduces a number 
of changes in the accounting for business combinations occurring after this date 
that will impact the amount of goodwill recognised, the reported results in the 
period that an acquisition occurs, and future reported results. IAS 27R requires 
that a change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary (without loss of 
control) is accounted for as an equity transaction. Therefore, such transactions 
will no longer give rise to goodwill, nor will it give rise to a gain or loss. 
Furthermore, the amended standard changes the accounting for losses incurred by 
the subsidiary as well as the loss of control of a subsidiary. Other 
consequential amendments were made to IAS 7 Statement of Cash Flows, IAS 12 
Income Taxes, IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates, IAS 28 
Investment in Associates and IAS 31 Interests in Joint Ventures. The changes by 
IFRS 3R and IAS 27R will affect future acquisitions or loss of control and 
transactions with minority interests. The standards may be early applied. 
However, the Group does not intend to take advantage of this possibility.  
  
IFRS 8 Operating Segments  
  
IFRS 8 was issued in November 2006 and becomes effective for financial years 
beginning on or after 1 January 2009. This standard requires disclosure of 
information about the Group's operating segments and replaced the requirement to 
determine primary (business) and secondary (geographical) reporting segments of 
the Group. This standard will have no impact on the financial position or 
performance of the Group, as the Group has a single reportable segment.  
  
IAS 1 Revised Presentation of Financial Statements  
  
The revised Standard was issued in September 2007 and becomes effective for 
financial years beginning on or after 1 January 2009. The Standard separates 
owner and non-owner changes in equity. The statement of changes in equity will 
include only details of transactions with owners, with non-owner changes in 
equity presented as a single line. In addition, the Standard introduces the 
statement of comprehensive income: it presents all items of recognised income 
and expense, either in one single statement, or in two linked statements. The 
Group is still evaluating whether it will have one or two statements.  
  
IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation and IAS 1 Presentation of Financial 
Statements - Puttable Financial Instruments and Obligations Arising on 
Liquidation  
  
These amendments to IAS 32 and IAS 1 were issued in February 2008 and become 
effective for financial years beginning on or after 1 January 2009. The 
revisions provide a limited scope exception for puttable instruments to be 
classified as equity if they fulfil a number of specified features. The 
amendments to the standards will have no impact on the financial position or 
performance of the Group, as the Group has not issued such instruments.  
  
IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement - Eligible Hedged 
Items  
  
These amendments to IAS 39 were issued in August 2008 and become effective for 
financial years beginning on or after 1 July 2009. The amendment addresses the 
designation of a one-sided risk in a hedged item, and the designation of 
inflation as a hedged risk or portion in particular situations. It clarifies 
that an entity is permitted to designate a portion of the fair value changes or 
cash flow variability of a financial instrument as hedged item. The Group has 
concluded that the amendment will have no impact on the financial position or 
performance of the Group.  
  
IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures- amendment "Improving Disclosures 
about Financial Instruments"  
  
Amendments to IFRS 7 "Improving Disclosures about Financial Instruments" were 
issued in March 2009 and become effective for periods beginning on or after 1 
January 2009 with early application permitted. These amendments improve 
disclosures of financial instruments and will have no impact on the financial 
position or performance of the Group but will result in more detailed 
disclosures regarding measurement of the fair value of financial instruments.  
  
IFRIC 15 Agreement for the Construction of Real Estate  
  
IFRIC 15 was issued in July 2008 and becomes effective for financial years 
beginning on or after 1 January 2009. The interpretation is to be applied 
retrospectively. It clarifies when and how revenue and related expenses from the 
sale of a real estate unit should be recognised if an agreement between a 
developer and a buyer is reached before the construction of the real estate is 
completed. Furthermore, the interpretation provides guidance on how to determine 
whether an agreement is within the scope of IAS 11 or IAS 18. IFRIC 15 will not 
have an impact on the consolidated financial statement because the Group does 
not conduct such activity.  
  
IFRIC 16 Hedges of a Net Investment in a Foreign Operation  
  
IFRIC 16 was issued in July 2008 and becomes effective for financial years 
beginning on or after 1 October 2008. The interpretation is to be applied 
prospectively. IFRIC 16 provides guidance on the accounting for a hedge of a net 
investment. As such it provides guidance on identifying the foreign currency 
risks that qualify for hedge accounting in the hedge of a net investment, where 
within the group the hedging instruments can be held in the hedge of a net 
investment and how an entity should determine the amount of foreign currency 
gain or loss, relating to both the net investment and the hedging instrument, to 
be recycled on disposal of the net investment. IFRIC 16 will not have an impact 
on the consolidated financial statement because the Group does not conduct such 
activity.  
  
IFRIC 17 Distributions of Non-cash Assets to Owners  
  
IFRIC 17 was issued in November 2008 and becomes effective for financial years 
beginning on or after 1 July 2009 with early application permitted. This 
interpretation should be applied prospectively. IFRIC 17 provides guidance on 
accounting for distributions of non-cash assets to owners. As such it provides 
guidance on when to recognise a liability, how to measure it and the associated 
assets, and when to derecognise the asset and liability and the consequences of 
doing so. IFRIC 17 will have no impact on the financial position or performance 
of the Group, as the Group does not distribute non-cash assets to its owners.  
  
IFRIC 18 Transfers of Assets from Customers  
  
IFRIC 18 was issued in January 2009 and becomes effective for financial years 
beginning on or after 1 July 2009 with early application permitted, provided 
valuations were obtained at the date those transfers occurred. This 
interpretation should be applied prospectively. IFRIC 18 provides guidance on 
accounting for agreements in which an entity receives from a customer an item of 
property, plant and equipment that the entity must then use either to connect 
the customer to a network or to provide the customer with ongoing access to a 
supply of goods or services or to do both. The interpretation clarifies the 
circumstances, in which the definition of an asset is met, the recognition of 
the asset and its measurement on initial recognition, the identification of the 
separately identifiable services, the recognition of revenue and the accounting 
for transfers of cash from customers. IFRIC 18 will have no impact on the 
financial position or performance of the Group, as the Group does not receive 
assets from customers.  
  
The management anticipates that the adoption of these Standards and 
Interpretations in future periods will have no material impact on the 
consolidated financial statements of the Group.   
  
In May 2008 the Board issued its first omnibus of amendments to its standards, 
primarily with a view to removing inconsistencies and clarifying wording. There 
are separate transitional provisions for each standard. The Group adopted those 
amendments and improvements to IFRSs which are applicable to its operating 
activities in 2008.  
  
3.    SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  
  
Estimation and Assumptions  
  
The key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation 
uncertainty at the balance sheet date, that have a significant risk of causing a 
material change to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the 
next financial year are discussed below:  
  
Oil and gas reserves  
  
Oil and gas reserves are a material factor in the Partnership's computation of 
depreciation, depletion and amortization (the "DD&A"). The Partnership estimates 
its reserves of oil and gas in accordance with the methodology of the Society of 
Petroleum Engineers (the "SPE"). In estimating its reserves under SPE 
methodology, the Partnership uses long-term planning prices which are also used 
by management to make investment decisions about development of a field. Using 
planning prices for estimating proved reserves removes the impact of the 
volatility inherent in using year end spot prices. Management believes that 
long-term planning price assumptions are more consistent with the long-term 
nature of the upstream business and provide the most appropriate basis for 
estimating oil and gas reserves. All reserve estimates involve some degree of 
uncertainty. The uncertainty depends mainly on the amount of reliable geological 
and engineering data available at the time of the estimate and the 
interpretation of this data.   
  
The relative degree of uncertainty can be conveyed by placing reserves into one 
of two principal classifications, either proved or unproved. Proved reserves are 
more certain to be recovered than unproved reserves and may be further 
sub-classified as developed and undeveloped to denote progressively increasing 
uncertainty in their recoverability. Estimates are reviewed and revised 
annually. Revisions occur due to the evaluation or re-evaluation of already 
available geological, reservoir or production data; availability of new data; or 
changes to underlying price assumptions. Reserve estimates may also be revised 
due to improved recovery projects, changes in production capacity or changes in 
development strategy. Proved developed reserves are used to calculate the unit 
of production rates for DD&A.   
  
Impairment   
  
The Group assesses at each reporting date whether there is any indication that 
an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Group makes an 
estimate of the asset's recoverable amount. An asset's recoverable amount is the 
higher of an asset's or cash-generating unit's fair value less costs to sell and 
its value in use and is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset 
does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other 
assets or group of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its 
recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its 
recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows 
are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that 
reflects current market assessment of the time value of money and the risks 
specific to the assets. The time value of money is determined based on weighted 
average cost of capital of the Group. There were no impairment losses recognized 
by the Group during the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.  
  
Foreign Currency Translation  
  
The functional currency of the entities of the Group is the Kazakhstani Tenge 
("Tenge" or "KZT"). Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded at 
the functional currency rate ruling at the date of transaction. Monetary assets 
and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the 
functional currency rate of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. All 
differences are taken to profit or loss. Non monetary items that are measured in 
terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange 
rates as at the dates of the initial transactions. Non monetary items measured 
at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at 
the date when the fair value was determined.  
  
The consolidated financial statements are presented in US Dollars (US$), which 
is the presentation currency of the Group. As at the reporting date, the assets 
and liabilities are translated into the presentation currency of the Group at 
the rate of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date and the income statements 
are translated at the weighted average exchange rates for the year. The exchange 
differences arising on the translation are taken directly to equity.  
  
Consolidation  
  
The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of the 
Parent entity and its controlled subsidiaries (Note 1).  
  
Inter-company transactions, balances and unrealized gains on transactions 
between companies are eliminated. Unrealized losses are also eliminated but 
considered as an impairment indicator of the asset transferred. Accounting 
policies of subsidiaries have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency 
with the policies adopted by the Group.  
  
Subsidiaries  
  
Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Group has the power to govern the 
financial and operating policies generally accompanying a shareholding of more 
than one half of the voting rights. The existence and effect of potential voting 
rights that are currently exercisable or convertible are considered when 
assessing whether the Group controls another entity. Subsidiaries are fully 
consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group and 
continue to be consolidated until the date that such control ceases.   
  
Minority interests represent the portion of profit or loss and net assets that 
is not held by the Group and are presented separately in the consolidated income 
statement and within equity in the consolidated balance sheet, separately from 
parent shareholder's equity.   
  
The differences between the carrying values of net assets attributable to 
interests in subsidiaries acquired and the consideration given for such 
increases are charged or credited to retained earnings.  
  
Purchases of controlling interests in subsidiaries from entities under common 
control  
  
Purchases of controlling interests in subsidiaries from entities under common 
control are accounted for using the pooling of interests method.   
  
The assets and liabilities of the subsidiary transferred under common control 
are recorded in these consolidated financial statements at the historical cost 
of the controlling entity. Any difference between the total book value of net 
assets and the consideration paid is accounted for in the consolidated financial 
statements as an adjustment to the shareholders' equity.  
  
These consolidated financial statements, including corresponding figures, are 
presented as if a subsidiary had been acquired by the Group on the date it was 
originally acquired by the controlling entity.  
  
Property, Plant and Equipment  
  
Oil and Gas Properties   
  
Geological and geophysical exploration costs are charged against income as 
incurred. Costs directly associated with an exploration well are capitalized 
within property, plant and equipment (construction work-in-progress) until the 
drilling of the well is complete and the results have been evaluated. These 
costs include employee remuneration and materials and fuel used, rig costs and 
payments made to contractors. If hydrocarbons are not found, the exploration 
expenditure is written off as a dry hole. If hydrocarbons are found and, subject 
to further appraisal activity, which may include the drilling of further wells 
(exploration or exploratory-type stratigraphic test wells), are likely to be 
capable of commercial development, the costs continue to be carried as an asset. 
All such carried costs are subject to technical, commercial and management 
review at least once a year to confirm the continued intent to develop or 
otherwise extract value from the discovery. When this is no longer the case, the 
costs are written off.  
  
All capitalized costs of oil and gas properties are amortized using the 
unit-of-production method based on estimated proved developed reserves of the 
field, except in the case of assets that have a useful life shorter than the 
lifetime of the field, in which case the straight line method is applied.  
  
Oil and Gas Reserves  
  
Proved oil and gas reserves are estimated quantities of commercially viable 
hydrocarbons which existing geological, geophysical and engineering data show to 
be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs.  
  
The Partnership uses the reserve estimates provided by an independent appraiser 
to assess the oil and gas reserves of its oil and gas fields. These reserve 
quantities are used for calculating the unit of production depreciation rate as 
it reflects the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits by 
the entity.  
  
Impairment of non-financial assets  
  
The Group assesses assets or groups of assets for impairment whenever events or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be 
recoverable. Individual assets are grouped for impairment assessment purposes at 
the lowest level at which there are identifiable cash flows that are largely 
independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets. If any such indication 
of impairment exists or when annual impairment testing for an asset group is 
required, the Group makes an estimate of its recoverable amount. An asset 
group's recoverable amount is the higher of its fair value less costs to sell 
and its value in use. Where the carrying amount of an asset group exceeds its 
recoverable amount, the asset group is considered impaired and is written down 
to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash 
flows are adjusted for the risks specific to the asset group and are discounted 
to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current 
market assessments of the time value of money.   
  
An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any 
indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer exist or 
may have decreased. If such indication exists, the recoverable amount is 
estimated. A previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has 
been a change in the estimates used to determine the asset's recoverable amount 
since the last impairment loss was recognized. If that is the case, the carrying 
amount of the asset is increased to its recoverable amount. That increased 
amount cannot exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of 
depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior 
years. Such reversal is recognized in the income statement.   
  
After such a reversal, the depreciation charge is adjusted in future periods to 
allocate the asset's revised carrying amount, less any residual value, on a 
systematic basis over its remaining useful life.  
  
Other Properties  
  
All other property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less 
depreciation. Historical cost includes expenditures that are directly 
attributable to the acquisition of the items. Subsequent costs are included in 
the asset's carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, 
only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item 
will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All 
other repairs and maintenance are charged to the income statement during the 
year in which they are incurred.  
  
Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful 
lives of the assets as follows:  
  
 
                               Years  
  Buildings and Improvements   7-15   
  Vehicles                     8      
  Machinery and Equipment      3-13   
  Other                        3-10   
  
  
Borrowing Costs  
  
The Group capitalizes borrowing costs on qualifying assets. Assets qualifying 
for borrowing costs capitalization include all assets under construction that 
are not being depreciated, depleted, or amortized, provided that work is in 
progress at that time. Qualifying assets mostly include wells and other oilfield 
infrastructure under construction. Capitalized borrowing costs are calculated by 
applying the capitalization rate to the expenditures on qualifying assets. The 
capitalization rate is the weighted average of the borrowing costs applicable to 
the Group's borrowings that are outstanding during the period.   
  
Inventories  
  
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value ("NRV"). 
Cost of oil is determined on the weighted-average method and other inventories 
are also valued using the weighted average cost method. Net realizable value is 
the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less selling 
expenses.  
  
Accounts Receivable  
  
Accounts receivable are recognized and carried at original invoice amount less 
an allowance for any uncollectible amounts. An estimate for uncollectible 
amounts is made when collection of the full amount is no longer probable. These 
estimates are reviewed periodically, and as adjustments become necessary, they 
are reported as expense (credit) in the period in which they become known. Bad 
debts are written off when identified.   
  
Borrowings  
  
Borrowings are recognized initially at fair value, net of transaction costs 
incurred. Borrowings are subsequently stated at amortized cost using the 
effective interest rate method. Any difference between the proceeds (net of 
transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognized in the consolidated 
financial information over the period of the borrowings using the effective 
interest method.   
  
Gains and losses are recognized in the income statement when the liabilities are 
derecognized or impaired, as well as through amortization of the borrowings 
using the effective interest method.  
  
Provisions  
  
Provisions are recognized when the Group has a present obligation (legal or 
constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of 
resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation 
and a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made.  
  
Abandonment and site restoration (decommissioning)  
  
Provision for decommissioning is recognized in full, on a discounted cash flow 
basis, when the Group has an obligation to dismantle and remove a facility or an 
item of plant and to restore the site on which it is located, and when a 
reasonable estimate of that provision can be made. The amount of the obligation 
is the present value of the estimated expenditures expected to be required to 
settle the obligation adjusted for expected inflation and discounted using 
average long-term interest rates for emerging market debt adjusted for risks 
specific to the Kazakhstan market. The unwinding of the discount related to the 
obligation is recorded in finance costs. A corresponding tangible fixed asset of 
an amount equivalent to the provision is also created. This asset is 
subsequently depreciated as part of the capital costs of the oil and gas 
properties on a unit-of-production basis.   
  
Changes in the measurement of an existing decommissioning liability that result 
from changes in the estimated timing or amount of the outflow of resources 
embodying economic benefits required to settle the obligation, or changes to the 
discount rate:  
  
(a)    are added to, or deducted from, the cost of the related asset in the 
current period. If deducted from the cost of the asset the amount deducted shall 
not exceed its carrying amount. If a decrease in the provision exceeds the 
carrying amount of the asset, the excess is recognized immediately in the income 
statement; and  
  
(b)    if the adjustment results in an addition to the cost of an asset, the 
Group considers whether this is an indication that the new carrying amount of 
the asset may not be fully recoverable. If it is such an indication, the Group 
tests the asset for impairment by estimating its recoverable amount, and 
accounts for any impairment loss in accordance with IAS 36.  
  
Financial assets  
  
Financial assets within the scope of IAS 39 are classified as financial assets 
at fair value through profit or loss, loans and receivables, held-to-maturity 
investments, or available-for-sale financial assets, as appropriate. When 
financial assets are recognized initially, they are measured at fair value, 
plus, in the case of investments not at fair value through profit or loss, 
directly attributable transaction costs.  
  
The Partnership determines the classification of its financial assets on initial 
recognition and, where allowed and appropriate, re-evaluates this designation at 
each financial year end.  
  
All regular way purchases and sales of financial assets are recognized on the 
trade date, which is the date that the Partnership commits to purchase the 
asset. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sales of financial assets 
that require delivery of assets within the period generally established by 
regulation or convention in the marketplace.  
  
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss  
  
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss includes financial assets 
held for trading and financial assets designated upon initial recognition as at 
fair value through profit or loss.  
  
Financial assets are classified as held for trading if they are acquired for the 
purpose of selling in the near term. Derivatives, including separated embedded 
derivatives are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated 
as effective hedging instruments or a financial guarantee contract. Gains or 
losses on investments held for trading are recognized in profit or loss.   
  
The Partnership assesses whether embedded derivatives are required to be 
separated from host contracts when the Partnership first becomes party to the 
contract. Reassessment only occurs if there is a change in the terms of the 
contract that significantly modifies the cash flows that would otherwise be 
required.  
  
Cash and cash equivalents  
  
Cash and short-term deposits in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and at 
hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less.  
  
Financial liabilities   
  
Interest bearing loans and borrowings  
  
All loans and borrowings are initially recognized at fair value less directly 
attributable transaction costs, and have not been designated as "at fair value 
through profit or loss".  
  
After initial recognition, interest bearing loans and borrowings are 
subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.  
  
Gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss when the liabilities are 
derecognized as well as through the amortization process.  
  
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss  
  
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial 
liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial 
recognition as at fair value through profit or loss.   
  
Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are acquired 
for the purpose of selling in the near term. Derivatives, including separated 
embedded derivatives are also classified as held for trading unless they are 
designated as effective hedging instruments. Gains or losses on liabilities held 
for trading are recognized in profit or loss.  
  
Derivative financial instruments and hedging  
  
The Partnership uses a hedging contract for oil export sales to cover part of 
its risks associated with oil price fluctuations. Such derivative financial 
instruments are initially recognized at fair value on the date on which a 
derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured at fair 
value. Derivatives are carried as assets when the fair value is positive and as 
liabilities when the fair value is negative.  
  
Any gains or losses arising from changes in fair value on derivatives during the 
year that do not qualify for hedge accounting are taken directly to profit or 
loss.  
  
The fair value of financial instruments contracts is determined by reference to 
market values for similar instruments.  
  
Taxation  
  
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated in respect of temporary 
differences using the balance sheet method. Deferred income taxes are provided 
for all temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and 
liabilities and their carrying values for financial reporting purposes, except 
where the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or 
of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination 
and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor 
taxable profit or loss.   
  
A deferred tax asset is recorded only to the extent that it is probable that 
taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary 
differences can be utilized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at 
tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realized or 
the liability is settled, based on tax rates that have been enacted or 
substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.   
  
Deferred income tax is provided on temporary differences arising on investments 
in subsidiaries and associates, except where the timing of the reversal of the 
temporary difference can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary 
difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.  
  
Trade and Other Payables   
  
Trade and other payables are carried the fair value of the consideration to be 
paid in the future for goods and services received, whether or not billed to the 
Group.  
  
Revenue Recognition   
  
The Partnership sells crude oil under short-term agreements priced by reference 
to Platt's index quotations and adjusted for freight, insurance and quality 
differentials.  
  
Revenue from the sale of crude oil is recognized when delivery has taken place 
and risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the customer.   
  
Revenue is recognized when it is probable that the economic benefits associated 
with the transaction will flow to the Partnership and the amount of revenue can 
be reliably measured.  
  
Expense Recognition   
  
Expenses are accounted for at the time the actual flow of the related goods or 
services occur, regardless of when cash or its equivalent is paid, and are 
reported in the financial statements in the period to which they relate.  
  
Social Tax and Deductions to Pension Fund  
  
The Partnership contributes 21% of the gross income of employees as a Social tax 
to the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Social tax and related staff 
costs are expensed as incurred.   
  
The Partnership also withholds and contributes up to 10% from the salary of its 
employees as the employees' contribution to their designated pension funds. 
Under the legislation, employees are responsible for their retirement benefits 
and the Partnership has no present or future obligation to pay its employees 
upon their retirement.  
  
4.    Property, Plant and Equipment  
  
The movement of property, plant and equipment for the year ended December 31, 
2007 and 2008 was as follows:  
  
 
  In thousand of US Dollar                                        Oil and gas           Total         Non oil and gas properties                                                   
                                                                  properties            oil and                                                                                    
                                                                                        gas                                                                                        
                                                                                        properties                                                                                 
                                                                  Working    CIP                      Buildings   Machi-nery &    Vehicles   Others   Total         Total          
                                                                  assets                                          Equip-ment                          non oil                      
                                                                                                                                                      gas                          
                                                                                                                                                      properties                   
  Balance at December 31, 2006, net of accumulated depreciation   55,409     76,243     131,652       1,960       530             904        804      4,198         135,850   
  Additions                                                       185        148,589    148,774       285         555             230        478      1,548         150,322   
  Transfers                                                       44,553     (46,250)   (1,697)       278         1,401           -          18       1,697         -         
  Disposal                                                        -          (679)      (679)         -           -               (2)        (5)      (7)           (686)     
  Depreciation charge                                             (5,197)    -          (5,197)       (247)       (351)           (161)      (235)    (994)         (6,191)    
  
  
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